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Measurent and analysis of genomic signal Solanum tuberosum.
Štekovič, Michal ; Hubálek, Jaromír (referee) ; Valla, Martin (advisor)
This thesis describes the basic methods for measuring and analyzing DNA. The first part covers the description of the DNA. The next section is devoted to the principle of obtaining DNA from the sample, its isolation and purification. Describes the apparatus which is necessary to measure and analyze. In the final section is devoted adsorptive voltammetry method, evaluation of measured results and data processing assistance program MATLAB.
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Electrochemical biosensor for the study of DNA methylation
Petrula, Jakub ; Hrdý, Radim (referee) ; Hynek, David (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with design and optimalisation of custom biosensor for detection of methylated DNA. Teoretical part explains the mechanism and importance of DNA methylation. Next section describes analytical methods used in connection with DNA methylation and some basic direct and indirect methods of detection. Final part is dedicated to experiment itself, which is divided into several sections. Section one deals witch modification of working electrode and optimalisation of detection method. Second section introduces two different ways of DNA methylation detection. First is based on direct detection and second one on detection through the biosensor. Final part shows determination of methylcytosine from sample based on analysing characteristic attributes of signal and numeric algorithm based on curve fitting.
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Biological age prediction using DNA analysis
Stokičová, Linda ; Vaněk, Daniel (advisor) ; Tomášek, Petr (referee)
Eye colour, hair colour and biogeographical origin can be predicted based on DNA analysis. This is used in forensic genetics when an unknown perpetrator leaves a biological material on a crime scene. Prediction of biological age is the subject of further research. Nowadays, there is no standardised model, which can be used for accurate prediction. The best option for biological age prediction is DNA methylation - stable epigenetic modification. Many markers have been evaluated. Methylation of these markers correlates with biological age positively or negatively. Methylation has tissue specificity, so one model cannot be applied on all types of tissues. Model for biological age prediction can be applied during investiganting of a criminal activity, when the identity of a person commiting a crime is unknown. Key words: methylation, chronological age, biological age, DNA analysis, forensic genetics
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Taxonomic revision of the genera Anisus in the Czech Republic (Mollusca: Planorbidae)
Zavoral, Tomáš ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Beran, Luboš (referee)
The aim of this work is to critically review the anatomical and morphological characters being currently used in the determination of Central European species of the genus Anisus and to confront them with molecular characters. For the molecular analysis mitochondrial genes for 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase - subunit I (COI) were used. DNA analysis showed that known species occuring in the Czech Republic form well distinguishable genetic lines. Subsequent revisions of the anatomical characters of these lines have proven that these characters are due to their variability not suitable for determination, especially for the differentiating of the species A. spirorbis and A. leucostoma. The conchological characters have proven more suitable, especially the ratio of the size of the last and penultimate whorl. With the help of this character, we can safely determine a population within which there are transitional forms in other morphological and anatomical characters.
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Methods for storing and archiving zoological tissue collections, and identification based on DNA barcoding
Aghová, Tatiana ; Benda, Petr ; Brejcha, Jindřich ; Dolejš, Petr ; Kyralová, Eva ; Mlíkovský, Jiří ; Moravec,Jiří ; Šanda, Radek ; Štundl, Jan ; Tkoč, Michal ; Vondráček, Dominik
Fulltext:  PDF; PDF; PDF; PDF
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Population genetics of bees
Beranová, Tereza ; Straka, Jakub (advisor) ; Munclinger, Pavel (referee)
Bees are one of the most important group of all insect, which plays a significant role in crop pollination. This bachelor thesis is review of articles, which speaks about genetic diversity of Apidae (Apoidea, Anthophila) and factors, which influence genetic diversity of this family. This thesis represents anthhropogenic impact, such as urbanization and fragmentation, and impact, which was not caused by human population, such as, climate change and parasite impact, on bee population. Part of this thesis is created by bee life overview and basic information about population genetics. The aim of this work is finding extent of declining pollinator problem, especially wild bees and also naming the bacic methods, which are used in this work. Key words: population, DNA analysis, threats, conservation genetics, bees, biogeography
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CSI effect and its influence on the perception of forensic biology
Míková, Zuzana ; Pinkr, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
1 Abstract This bachelor thesis tries to give an outline on how the TV projects into our everyday life. There are many crime TV series that we can watch. These programmes unfortunately give a distorted view of the forensic and investigative work performed in crime laboratories, as they show a great number of inaccurate or altogether false information. This thesis shows some cases of the 'CSI effect', which emerged after crime series got increasingly popular both in the Czech Republic and abroad. Then it explains how the so often used DNA analysis really works. Finally, it gives some ideas and examples of what teachers can do to prevent the CSI effect from spreading. Key word CSI effect, biological materials, DNA analysis, inquiry based science education
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Characterisation of rare genetic diseases using genomic techniques.
Kmochová, Tereza ; Hodaňová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Schierová, Michaela (referee)
In this thesis the importance of studying genetically determined rare diseases is described and current methods and options to determine their genetic causes are evaluated. The introduction describes the definition of rare diseases and the reasons why we study them. Currently it is known about 8,000 diseases which are caused by functionally serious mutations in one or more genes. The clinical symptoms of genetically caused rare diseases and the results of common functional and biochemical tests do not allow the exact diagnosis in most cases. The absence of the diagnosis and the causes of diseases reduces the quality of life of patients and their families. The determination of genetic causes allows accurate classification of studied cases and it is a base for qualified genetic counseling and prevention of rare diseases in the families. The next chapters describe the methods of DNA analysis (DNA sequencing using different methods), the possibilities of finding the genetic cause of a disease and show the basic approaches to the study of functional impact of the mutations. The practical use of these methods is shown in the case of two siblings with delayed psychomotoric development, special hair quality (pili torti), hearing impairment and hyperuricemic nephropathy in which the genetic analysis...
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Electrochemical biosensor for the study of DNA methylation
Petrula, Jakub ; Hrdý, Radim (referee) ; Hynek, David (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with design and optimalisation of custom biosensor for detection of methylated DNA. Teoretical part explains the mechanism and importance of DNA methylation. Next section describes analytical methods used in connection with DNA methylation and some basic direct and indirect methods of detection. Final part is dedicated to experiment itself, which is divided into several sections. Section one deals witch modification of working electrode and optimalisation of detection method. Second section introduces two different ways of DNA methylation detection. First is based on direct detection and second one on detection through the biosensor. Final part shows determination of methylcytosine from sample based on analysing characteristic attributes of signal and numeric algorithm based on curve fitting.
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